Open Access
Table I
Characteristics of selected studies.
| Study design | Age: Mean +/− SD (min max) years old | Number of participants (n) | Dental treatment | System of VR | VR content | Measurements | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alshatrat et al. Jordan 2022 [11] |
RCT Parallel arms Test group: VR (n = 28) Control group: standard care (n=26) |
Ma = 8,39+/−2,05 (5−12) | 54 | Local anaesthesia and painful care (pulp therapy, restoration, avulsion or coronary preparations). | iWear Video Headphones, Vuzix, NY | Films such as Tom and Jerry, Mr Bean chosen by the child. Choice |
VAS, W-BFS, FLACC | |
| Buldur et al. Turkey 2021 [12] |
RCT Crossover Group 1: AB (n = 38) Group 2: BA (n = 38) A: standard care B: RV |
Ma = 9.02 ± 1.39 (7−12) | 76 | Local anaesthesia followed by carious removal and composite restoration of a mandibular first permanent molar with occlusal caries | PlayStation 4 VR, Sony Inc, Japan | Cartoon of the child's Choice |
CFSS-DS, FIS, W-BFS, HR | |
| Ran et al. China 2021 [14] |
RCT Parallel arms Test group: RV (n = 55) Control group: standard care (n = 49) |
RV: 5.59 ± 0.92 (4−8) Control: 5.66 ± 0.99 (4–8) |
104 | Local anaesthesia and care less than 30 min (caries, temporary tooth avulsion, abscess incision, root canal treatment). | HTC VIVE VR, China | Diffusion underwater No choice |
CFSS-DS, W-BFS, FBRS | |
| Aditya et al. India 2021 [10] |
RCT Parallel arms For all groups: tell-show-do and positive verbal reinforcement when applying topical anaesthesia Group 1: “fidget spinner” game (n = 15) Group 2: kaleidoscope (n = 15) Group 3: RV (n = 15) Group 4: no distractions (n = 15) |
(6−9) | 60 | Loco-regional anaesthesia (inferior alveolar nerve). Placement of the VR helmet 5 min before the start of loco-regional anaesthesia. We only considered groups 3 and 4 in this study. |
MI VR Headset, Xiaomi, China | Only one episode of “chota bheem” No choice |
Oxygen Saturation, HR, VPT | |
| Du et al. China 2022 [13] |
RCT Parallel arms Group 1: RV (n = 41) Group 2: without distraction (n = 42) |
6,3+/−3,5(4,3−8,8) | 83 | Topical anaesthesia, local anaesthesia, temporary tooth extraction. All operations were completed within 20 min. | HTC VIVE VR, China | Magical virtual world with scenes and sounds of nature No choice |
CFSS-DS, W-BFS, Simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ), The Houpt Rating Scale | |
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