Open Access
Table I
Risk of bias; N = number of studies considered adequate for the corresponding element.
| Study characteristics | Studies N | Bias risk evaluation | Studies N |
|---|---|---|---|
| Year of publication | Selection | ||
| ≤2010 | 2 | Definition of case | 14 |
| 2011–2015 | 11 | Selection of case | 14 |
| ≥2016 | 1 | Definition of controls | 14 |
| Selection of controls | 14 | ||
| Study design | Comparability | ||
| Case control | 14 | As a function of age * | |
| <18 years old | 1 | ||
| 25–40 years old | 3 | ||
| Type of periodontitis | Over 40 years old | 10 | |
| Chronic periodontitis | 12 | ||
| Unspecified periodontitis | 2 | As a function of sex | |
| Equality respected | 2 | ||
| Leptin studied | Differences between male and female | 11 | |
| Salivary | 5 | Not mentioned | 1 |
| Serum | 12 | ||
| Size of group | |||
| <60 | 6 | ||
| >60 | 8 | ||
| As a function of other factors (BMI) | 14 | ||
| ≤30 | |||
| Measurement criteria | |||
| Measurement description | 14 | ||
| Measurement validation | 14 |
*
Only one study provided the average age (Karthikeyan 2007 [18]).
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