Therapeutic uses and efficacy of botulinum toxin in orofacial medicine | Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery

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Table I

Critical analysis of the literature on the efficacy of botulinum toxin in the management of bruxism.

Reference	Objective	Type of study	No.	BT dose	Duration	Judgment criteria	Muscle site	Effective time	Validity
Lew, 2008 [5]	Efficacy: Decreased pain	Rand, DB, CT	30	50 U Botox^*	6 months	Subjective: VAS	M	2 months	NS
Qerema, 2006 [6]	Efficacy: decreased pain	Rand, DB, CT	30	50 U Botox^*	1 month	Subjective: VAS with pressure	M	US	NS
Qerema, 2006 [6]	Efficacy: decreased pain	Rand, DB, CT	30	50 U Botox^*	1 month	Objective: Muscular activity with EMG	M	US	S
Ernberg, 2011 [7]	Efficacy: decreased pain	Rand, DB, CT, multicenter	32	100 U Botox^*	6 months	Subjective: VAS	M	US	NS
Ernberg, 2011 [7]	Efficacy: decreased pain	Rand, DB, CT, multicenter	32	100 U Botox^*	6 months	Quality of life	M	US	NS
Ojala, 2006 [8]	Efficacy: reduced pain with small doses of BT	Rand, DB, CT Cross-over	30	15–35 U Botox^*	1 month	Subjective: pressure pain. Dolorimeter	M	US	NS
Göbel, 2006 [9]	Efficacy: decreased pain and tolerance	Rand, DB, CT Cross-over Multicenter	120	40 U Dysport^*	3 months	Subjective: VAS	M	5 weeks	S
Benecke, 2011 [10]	Efficacy: decreased pain	Rand, DB, CT Multicenter	148	400 U Dysport^**	3 months	Subjective: duration of pain (days) + Quality of life (sleep-headache)	T + Trapeze	8 weeks	S
Guarda–Nardini, 2008 [11]	Efficacy: Decreased muscular hyperactivity	Rand, DB, CT	20	100 U Botox^*	6 months	Subjective: VAS Objective: Mouth Opening (mm)	M + T	US	NS
Lee, 2010 [12]	Efficacy: Decreased pain for nocturnal bruxism	Rand, DB, CT	12	100 U Botox^*	3 months	Subjective: VAS Objective: Muscular activity with EMG	M + T	4 weeks	NS
Lee, 2010 [12]	Efficacy: Decreased pain for nocturnal bruxism	Rand, DB, CT	12	100 U Botox^*	3 months	Subjective: VAS Objective: Muscular activity with EMG	M + T	4 weeks	S

Rand: randomized; DB: double-blind; CT: clinical trial; U: Unit; No.: number; BT: botulinum toxin; VAS: visual analog scale; EMG: electromyogram; M: masseter; T: temporal; US: unspecified, NS: not significant; S: significant.

By injection.

^**

In total.

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