Open Access
Table II
Risk of bias assessment in non-RCT by Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.
| Checklist | Agrawal 2018 | Bande 2013 | Mukharjee 2009 | Rai 2013 | Singh 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Is it clear in the study what is the ‘cause’ and what is the ‘effect’ (i.e. there is no confusion about which variable comes first)? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Were the participants included in any comparisons similar? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Were the participants included in any comparisons receiving similar treatment/care, other than the exposure or intervention of interest? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Was there a control group? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Were there multiple measurements of the outcome both pre and post the intervention/exposure? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Was follow up complete and if not, were differences between groups in terms of their follow up adequately described and analyzed? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Were the outcomes of participants included in any comparisons measured in the same way? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Were outcomes measured in a reliable way? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Was appropriate statistical analysis used? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| % | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Risk of Bias | L | L | L | L | L |
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