Open Access
Original Research Article
Table I
Bone defects according to Benic and Hämmerle.
| Bone defects | Description |
|---|---|
| Class 0 | Site with a ridge contour deficit and sufficient bone volume for standard implant placement |
| Class 1 | Intra-alveolar defect between the implant surface and intact bone walls |
| Class 2 | Peri-implant dehiscence, in which the volume stability of the area to be augmented is provided by the adjacent bone walls |
| Class 3 | Peri-implant dehiscence, in which the volume stability of the area to be augmented is not provided by the adjacent bone walls |
| Class 4 | Horizontal ridge defect requiring bone augmentation before implant placement |
| Class 5 | Vertical ridge defect requiring bone augmentation before implant placement |
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