Issue |
Med Buccale Chir Buccale
Volume 16, Number 3, juillet 2010
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 183 - 188 | |
Section | Observations cliniques / Case reports | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2010028 | |
Published online | 12 July 2010 |
Observation clinique
Plasmocytome mandibulaire révélateur d’un myélome multiple. Présentation d’un cas
Mandibular plasmocytoma leading to the discovery of a multiple myeloma. Report of a case
1
Service de Chirurgie buccale et maxillo-faciale, Faculté d’Odontologie,
Université nationale autonome de Mexico, Mexique
2
Servide d’Hématologie, Institut national de Cancérologie, Mexico,
Mexique
3
Service de Pathologie buccale, Faculté d’Odontologie, Université nationale
autonome de Mexico, Mexique
* Correspondance:
araloca15@hotmail.com
Reçu :
28
Avril
2010
Accepté :
10
Mai
2010
Le plasmocytome est considéré comme la forme initiale du myélome multiple (MM), affection souvent fatale. Plus fréquent chez les hommes (sex-ratio = 4:1), le MM apparait généralement entre 50 et 80 ans. Il affecte surtout les vertèbres, le crâne, le bassin, les côtes, l’humérus et le fémur. L’OMS, en 2002, plaçait le MM au 17e rang parmi les causes de mortalité dues aux cancers dans le monde.
Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente de 30 ans, adressée à l’École prégraduée de Chirurgie maxillo-faciale de la Faculté d’Odontologie de l’Université nationale autonome (Mexico), en raison d’une tuméfaction mandibulaire gauche, considérée initialement comme d’origine infectieuse. L’examen histopathologique a montré qu’il s’agissait d’un plasmocytome. Le bilan paraclinique (examens de sang et d’urine, radiographies) a révélé un MM avec un aspect histologique peu commun, considéré comme ayant un mauvais pronostic. La patiente est décédée 5 mois après la découverte du MM.
Ce cas illustre la difficulté diagnostique d’une néoplasie buccale qui fut initialement considérée comme d’origine infectieuse et traitée par antibiothérapie.
Abstract
Plasmacytoma is considered as the initial presentation of multiple myeloma (MM), a devastating and fatal disease. MM is more frequent in men (male-female ratio = 4:1) and generally occurs between the 5th and the 8th decade, affecting with greater frequency vertebrae, skull, pelvic bones, ribs, humerus and femur. According to the WHO, in 2002, MM was the 17th cause of death by neoplasms in the world.
We report a case of a 30-year-old woman, referred to the Maxillofacial surgery pregraduate school of the Faculty of Odontology of national autonomous University (Mexico) for a swelling of her left jaw, with an initial diagnosis of infection, and later histopathologically diagnosed as a plasmacytoma. A complete work-up including blood tests, urine tests and total-body x-rays led to a definitive diagnosis of MM, with a rare histologic profile, considered to be having a poor prognosis. The patient was subjected to chemotherapy but she passed away five months later.
This case represents one of those undiagnosed cases of malignant neoplasms, considered first as an unsuspected infective lesion and treated as such with antibiotic therapy. The case also highlights the role that could be played by the dental profession in the early diagnosis of bone cancers, which often have a poor prognosis.
Mots clés : plasmocytome / myélome multiple / pathologie buccale
Key words: plasmocytoma / multiple myeloma / oral pathology
© SFMBCB, 2010
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